As these nerves descend toward the thighs, they form two networks of crossed nerves known as the lumbar plexus and sacral plexus. The nerves of the leg and foot arise from spinal nerves connected to the spinal cord in the lower back and pelvis. Reflexes help to maintain proper muscle tone, balance, and responsiveness of the legs and feet to stimuli such as stepping on a sharp object. The nerve signals in these reflexes come from stretch receptors located in the joints, ligaments, tendons, and even the muscles themselves. However, many reflex pathways are also active in the legs and foot. The motor regions of the brain and spinal cord control most of the nerve impulses that stimulate muscles in this region. Primarily, this section of the peripheral nervous system sends and receives signals regarding locomotion and balance of the body. Sensory nerves are of course present throughout the lower extremities however, with the exception of the bottom of the foot, they play a lesser role here than in the upper extremities. The nerves of the leg and foot serve to propel the body through the actions of the legs, feet, and toes while maintaining balance, both while the body is moving and when it is at rest.

Feet nerve endings